stjorthotic Chapter 634: First Draft, Second Draft And Defense, Three Major Agricultural Books Become Textbooks
Chapter 634: First Draft, Second Draft And Defense, Three Major Agricultural Books Become Textbooks
Wanmin Agricultural College, Dean's Office.
"I'm finally back. Sure enough, a golden nest or a silver nest is not as good as my own doghouse!!!"
Yan Changqing and Ge You were lying paralyzed on the big soft office chair.
After Ge You lay down for a while, Yan Changqing took a deep breath, then looked to Pei Lun and asked:
“Is there anything I need to decide on recently at the Agricultural College?!!”
Pei Lun, a member of Qianhu, a member of Jin Yiwei, heard Yan Changqing's question and immediately spread out the writing circle in his hand for taking notes and replied:
"Yes, the first thing is that the agricultural students who returned to the county to plant potatoes last year have already submitted their [local agricultural research papers]!!!"
“These research papers are now waiting for the dean’s approval!!!”
Hearing Pei Lun's words, Yan Changqing couldn't help feeling a headache.
Today's Wanmin Agricultural College still has no formal and qualified agricultural lecturers.
Because the first batch of five-year agricultural students have not officially graduated yet, even if you want to reluctantly select a group of farmers, you cannot do it.
After all, these agricultural students are only at the beginning of their fourth year of study, and there are still two years left until they actually graduate.
As for the experienced old farmers who are responsible for teaching agricultural students about planting on a daily basis, they have never been real agricultural instructors.
Because they can't read a single Chinese character, they can only hold the title of assistant lecturer.
As for the imperial court, or rather the agricultural officials sent by Zhu Yuanzhang to assist him, although they were literate, their planting experience was not as good as those of the old farmers who could not read a single Chinese character.
In addition, the agricultural planting concepts he taught are completely different from the current agricultural planting concepts.
Others may not have as much knowledge and understanding of agricultural planting as those agricultural students who have devoted themselves to dedicated study for several years!!!
When they themselves don’t know as much as the agricultural students, what qualifications do others have to judge a research paper written by an agricultural student that took a year of hard work?!!
Therefore, each of the 1,024 agricultural students wrote a 5,000-word [local agricultural research paper], and he needed to read it in person!!!
[So when should I see one thousand and twenty-four agricultural student papers, each with more than 5,000 words, conservatively estimated to be at least 5 million words?!!]
Yan Changqing pressed his eyebrows, and suddenly regretted that he had previously set the word count requirement for agricultural students' essays at 5,000.
After all, it was a 5,000-word paper, and it also involved agricultural survey and research reports in various parts of the Ming Dynasty. I definitely couldn't scan it at a glance.
After thinking for a moment, Yan Changqing looked up at Pei Lund and said:
“First, review the received research papers in different classes!!!”
"The research papers of the students in the first class will be sent to the students in the second class for review. After the students in the second class give their opinions and ideas, the research papers of the 240 students in the first class will be sent to the students in the third class for review."
"After the students in Class 3 gave their opinions and ideas, they continued to grade the students in Class 4 until the final class of 3,000."
"Similarly, the research papers of the second class students were also sent to the students of the first class for review. After the first class students gave their own opinions and ideas, they continued to send the research papers of the second class students to the third class students for review."
"And so on, until the last thirty classes."
"The review time is half a month. After the half month is over, each agricultural student's research paper should be followed by the review opinions and ideas of twenty-nine other agricultural students of the same session.
"After that, we will give three days for each agricultural student to take a closer look at other students' comments and thoughts on their own research papers."
“If there are loopholes and deficiencies, we will improve them ourselves.”
"This process is called the [second draft], and the previous research paper is called the [first draft]."
"Three days later, the agricultural students from Class 1 stood on the podium of Class 2 with their research papers and gave a half-day explanation to the students from Class 2."
“During the process of explaining the research paper, the second class students raised their own questions at any time based on the content of the research paper of the first group of agricultural students, and then the first group of agricultural students answered them accordingly.
"Until the end, either the second class students have no questions, or the half-day explanation time is over.
"Then the agricultural students from Class 2 stood on the podium of Class 3 with their research papers and gave a half-day explanation to the students from Class 3."
"And so on, until the agricultural students in Class 30 took their research papers and stood on the podium of Class 1 and gave a half-day explanation to the students in Class 1."
"This process is called [different class defense]!!!"
"A month later, each class selected the three best research papers, as well as the three most controversial research papers and sent them to me. I reviewed them first, and I reviewed the others slowly."
He must read all the research papers of every agricultural student.
However, he did not have that much time, so he repeatedly guided an agricultural student on how to revise and improve his research paper.
However, these research papers will not work unless they are revised and improved, because they involve the agricultural planting guidance of every county in the future.
So (bhfc) thought that in order to reduce its own work burden as much as possible, other agricultural students first brainstormed and reviewed it.
After all the students have reviewed and reviewed each other and then handed it over to him, then maybe most of the agricultural students' research papers will not require his revision or improvement opinions, but only need to go through them one last time.
Pei Lun nodded, wrote the handling opinions given by Yan Changqing on his notebook, and continued:
"The second thing is that the new version of the Agricultural College textbooks, which is mainly composed of "A Collection of Nongsang and Mulberry Collection", "A Summary of Nongsang and Food and Clothing" and "Wang Zhen's Agricultural Book", has been re-edited according to your previous requirements and will be available later. Will send it to you for review!!!”
"If you think it's okay, you can print it and distribute it to all agricultural students."
Hearing this, Yan Changqing's eyes lit up and he said happily:
"Finally rewritten?!!"
"Nongsang Jiyao" is an agricultural science work written by Si Nongsi of the Yuan Dynasty. It is also a comprehensive agricultural book compiled by Si Nongsi in the early Yuan Dynasty.
This book selects and compiles the relevant contents of agricultural books from ancient times to the early Yuan Dynasty, and systematically summarizes and studies the farming technology experience before the third century.
The book consists of seven volumes and more than 60,000 words. The content focuses on northern agriculture, with equal emphasis on farming and sericulture.
The content includes ten parts: training, cultivation, sowing, planting mulberry, raising silkworms, vegetables, fruits, bamboo and wood, medicinal herbs, and breeding livestock.
It describes the traditional agricultural habits and agricultural rhetoric in ancient my country, as well as the cultivation of various crops, the raising of livestock and poultry, and other technologies.
Although most of the content is quoted from "Qi Min Yao Shu", "Must Use by Scholars and Farmers", "Wuben New Book", "Four Seasons Compilation", "Han Shi Zhi Shuo" and other books.
However, although it is an excerpt, the essence is taken and the name exegesis and superstitious nonsense are abandoned; at the same time, some words are from the compiler's hand and are marked as "newly added"
After this book was compiled, it was issued to various places as a guide for agricultural production.
It can be said that it was of great significance to the restoration of agricultural production in the early Yuan Dynasty!!!
As for "Summary of Farming and Mulberry Clothing and Food", it is a farming book written by Lu Mingshan, an agronomist in the Yuan Dynasty. It is divided into twelve months and lists farming tasks by month.
The content mainly includes crop cultivation, poultry raising, agricultural product processing, etc. It is a fully preserved agricultural book in the monthly order.
It can be said that the method of planting and storing when the time and place are favorable is detailed [Chezai is a book.
This book also received considerable attention from Zhu Yuanzhang. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, he issued an edict ordering the book to be distributed and popularized nationwide. He also required local officials to have a copy of the book in hand to promote the development of local agriculture.
It can be seen that the technical and theoretical support provided by this book accounted for a lot of the credit for the rapid recovery of Ming Dynasty's agriculture in the early years of the Ming Dynasty!!!
The "Wang Zhen Nong Shu" is even more powerful. The whole book contains a total of thirty-seven episodes, three hundred and seventy-one items, and about 130,000 words.
It is divided into three parts: "Nongsang Tongjue", "Hundred Grain Manual" and "Agricultural Instrument Atlas". The last attached "Miscellaneous Records" also includes two "Legal Immortality Houses" that have little to do with agricultural production.
and "creating movable type printing calligraphy".
Among them, the "Nongsang Tongjue" part in "Wang Zhen Nongshu" can be said to be a general introduction to agriculture.
On the basis of previous works, for the first time, a more comprehensive and systematic discussion of the so-called agricultural production knowledge in a broad sense was made, and the traditional system of Chinese agronomy was proposed.
Under the premise of respecting the natural laws of weather, location, etc., it comprehensively and systematically explains all aspects of personnel affairs, including special chapters on cultivation, harrowing, sowing, hoeing, manure, irrigation, harvesting, etc., and provides an overview of agricultural planting. various issues.
In addition, special chapters such as "Planting", "Livestock Raising", and "Silkworm Reeling" are also divided, expounding various aspects of agriculture in a broad sense, such as forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, and fishery.
It can be said that after reading "Nongsang Tongjue", people can have a clear understanding of the content and scope of agriculture in a broad sense, as well as all aspects of objective regularity and subjective initiative in agricultural production.
This is also a major feature that distinguishes "Wang Zhen Nong Shu" from other agricultural books!
Secondly, before the appearance of "Wang Zhen's Agricultural Book", there was no agricultural book that discussed both northern and southern agriculture.
For example, several important agricultural books before "Wang Zhen Nong Shu": "Shu Sheng Zhi Shu", "Qi Min Yao Shu", "Nong Sang Ji Yao", etc., are all works summarizing the agricultural production experience in the north.
"Chen Nong Shu" is dedicated to southern agriculture, while only "Wang Zhen Nong Shu" discusses both southern and northern agriculture.
It conducts an in-depth and detailed analysis and comparison of the similarities, differences, and functions of agricultural technologies and agricultural tools between the north and the south. This is another important feature of it!
Moreover, "Wang Zhen's Book of Agriculture" also has a relatively complete and even rich "Atlas of Farming"!!!
Before "Wang Zhen Nong Shu", the book that discussed agricultural tools included "Rai Shi Jing" written by Lu Guimeng in the Tang Dynasty. The agricultural tools introduced in it were mainly Jiangdong plows, as well as several other paddy field farming tools such as harrows, hoists and tillers. There are no pictures.
Zeng Zhijin's "Agricultural Instruments Atlas" of the Southern Song Dynasty not only contains fewer agricultural tools than Wang Zhen's "Agricultural Instruments Atlas", but there are also no pictures.
However, the "Agricultural Instruments Atlas" in "Wang Zhen's Agricultural Book" not only accounts for about four-fifths of the entire book, but has more than 200 illustrations and involves 105 kinds of agricultural tools, which can be said to be rich and colorful. The view is magnificent and unique.
In addition, the "Hundred Grains Genealogy" in "Wang Zhen Nongshu" discusses the cultivation of various crops, including cereals, vegetables, fruits, bamboos, trees, miscellaneous species, etc.
Compared with other ancient agricultural books, this part contains more descriptions of plant traits. This is also an innovation of "Wang Zhen Nong Shu"!!!
In addition, there are many other contributions.
For example, there are new creations in principles, new summaries of fine traditional experiences, new developments in manure theory, new efforts to expand fertilizer sources, new measures for manure accumulation, new understanding of farmland irrigation, etc.
It can be said that this book alone directly places Wang Zhen among the four great agriculturists in ancient Yan and Huang times!!!
The other three major agriculturists were Fan Shengzhi of the Han Dynasty and Jia Si of the Later Wei Dynasty.
Xie, and Xu Guangqi, who has not yet been born.
From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, which spanned more than two thousand years, there were only four great agriculturists!!!
Wang Zhen occupied one of them with "Wang Zhen Nong Shu", which shows the importance of this book!!!
Theoretically speaking, in fact, Yan Changqing, Lu Mingshan, who wrote "Summary of Farmers' Clothing and Food", and Wang Zhen, who wrote "Wang Zhen Nong Shu", can barely be regarded as people of the same era.
Because Lu Mingshan was born in the eighth year of Yuan Zhiyuan (1271) and died in the first year of Hongwu (1368) of Ming Dynasty.
Wang Zhen was also born in the eighth year of Yuan Zhiyuan (1271) and died in the first year of Hongwu (1368) of Ming Dynasty.
It has to be said that it is an unspeakable coincidence that two great agriculturists were born and died in the same year.
Yan Changqing was born in the twelfth year of Yuan Zhizheng (1352). In the year when the two great agriculturists Lu Mingshan and Wang Zhen died (1368), Yan Changqing was already ten years old.
Six years old.
If "Yan Changqing" when he was sixteen years old was the Yan Changqing he is now, then Yan Changqing might have the opportunity to meet these two great agriculturists in person.
If Lu Mingshan and Wang Zhen, the two great agriculturists, could live to this day, then Yan Changqing would not have to do everything by himself in Wanmin Agricultural College.
However, without if, Yan Changqing would not have met the two great agriculturists Lu Mingshan and Wang Zhen, and neither of them would have lived until the 16th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty.
The only thing that makes Yan Changqing feel lucky is that it is only more than ten years since the two of them passed away.
The agricultural books written by the two of them were not lost. With the official power of the Ming Dynasty, Yan Changqing easily obtained the complete versions of these two agricultural books, together with the ones compiled by Sinong in the early Yuan Dynasty.
"Nongsang Collection" was also obtained.
After that, Yan Changqing taught a group of agricultural students using temporarily compiled agricultural college textbooks.
On the other hand, he is also based on the three agricultural books "A Collection of Nongsang", "A Summary of Food and Clothing of Nongsang" and "Wang Zhen's Agricultural Book", combined with the advanced agricultural knowledge and concepts he learned in his previous life.
The two parties combined to eliminate the unnecessary and retain the essential, and then according to Yan Changqing's requirements, they were finally divided into categories and compiled into volumes.
It took more than two years, and today it is considered a success!!!
“Bring it over immediately and let me take a look!!!”
Yan Changqing looked at Pei Lundao eagerly.
Then, the newly compiled agricultural college textbooks were soon sent to Yan Changqing.
There are a total of fifty volumes of compulsory textbooks, covering planting, forestry, animal husbandry, aquatic products and handicrafts.
There are ten textbooks for each category, and you can study two volumes in one academic year.
In addition, there are ten volumes of minor textbooks, two for each academic year.
All added up, there are a total of sixty volumes, which will be the main learning textbook for agricultural students in the future.
"Okay! Okay! Okay!"
"For the newly recruited agricultural students this year, all their study materials will be based on the new textbooks!!!"
“In addition, whether they are agricultural students who have reached the fourth academic year this year, or are now in the third or second academic year, they all have to learn new textbooks again!
After reading through all the new textbooks, Yan Changqing, who was very satisfied, turned to look at Pei Lun aside and gave instructions.
Pei Lun nodded and wrote down Yan Changqing's order arrangements again.
"If there are any other things, please tell me."
Yan Changqing looked at Pei Lundao in a good mood.
"What's left is the regular enrollment of the Agricultural College in March, and I need you to take charge of it then."
"In addition, some financial expenditures on teaching tools and equipment, as well as financial expenditures on teachers and students' food and accommodation, need your approval."
"There are also several glaze firing workshops, concrete cement workshops, etc. behind the college. They have also applied to expand their area."
Pei Lun flipped through his notepad and spoke item by item in an orderly manner.
Speaking of which, he never thought that he was a Qianhu Jinyiwei who specialized in killing, setting fires, ransacking homes, arresting criminals, interrogating, investigating, and spying.
Now it turns out that one day he will become a civil servant and be responsible for the daily chores of a university with thousands of people.
Sometimes things are weird, but they are just that.
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